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TBAS September 2018 .................... -7-
Conductivity = 30 micro Siemens

The foregoing data come from (Bech, Reinhold, 1979). Note the low
values of pH and hardness. Also the last sample shows by its high KMnO
4
demand that the water was heavily loaded with organics.

South American Killifish will tolerate a much higher concentration of
dissolved salts than the Congo Basin killifish. The only possible exceptions to this
are some species belonging to the genus Rivilus which inhabits the headwaters
of the Amazon basin.
In Argentina in the province of Buenos Aires, Cynolebias bellottii and
Cynolebias elongatus were found to inhabit water with the following characteristics:
pH =6.9
Total hardness = 40 ppm
Chloride (Cl ) = 24 ppm
-
KMnO demand = 144 ppm
4
Conductivity= 380 micro Siemens

In ponds which were almost dried out, Cynolebias bellottii and
Cynolebias nigripinnis were found to be inhabiting a tea colored water with
these characteristics:
pH = 7.4
Total hardness = 20
Chloride (Cl ) = 62 ppm
-
KMnO demand = 492 ppm
4
Conductivity = 1150 micro Siemens
The foregoing water data is from (Luling, Heinz 1979).

A sample of rain water taken from the grassy pampas near Buenos Aires where
Cynolebias bellotii and C. elongatus were found gave the following:
pH=6.5
Total hardness = 9 ppm
Chloride (Cl ) = 100 ppm
-
KMnO demand = 196 ppm
4
Conductivity = 726 micro Siemens
The foregoing data comes from (Bech, Reinhold, 1979) and it can be seen in
these cases that the chlorides can be quite high; however the hardness is never
very high.

Tetras require water low in dissolved salts and hardness in the range of

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